Why do Mobile Phones Still Use SIM Cards in the Era of eSIM?

The Evolution of SIM Technology

Apple iPhones have introduced the concept of eSIM, an electronic or virtual SIM that doesn't require physical SIM cards. However, why do most mobile phones still rely on traditional SIM cards?

Advancements in Secure Element, Smart Cards, and SIM cards have played a critical role in the reduction of subscription cloning and associated fraud. The rise of GSM standardization (Global System for Mobile Communications) has made subscription cloning complex and expensive, thus deterring thieves from pursuing it. With operators able to protect their revenue, the mobile communications industry thrived, leading to its widespread adoption.

Historical Advantages and Current Usage

While some modern use cases of SIM cards and UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card) do not necessarily require them to be removable, the traditional form factor has been standardized and widely adopted by operators. These SIM cards serve as hardware security modules, hosting applications for mobile network authentication, charging mobile wallets, and convenience applications such as address books.

The SIM card is a method of identifying unique subscribers. Although information can now be stored electronically, SIM cards remain the preferred choice due to their widespread adoption and proven track record. Companies can now issue eSIM cards for devices capable of using them, making the transition smoother.

The Longevity of GSM Standard

Technology standards like GSM have proven to be robust and widely adopted. The GSM standard has stood the test of time compared to alternatives like TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). A GSM phone can be used almost anywhere in the world, provided it supports the local radio frequencies and is not locked.

The Multi-Faceted Purpose of eSIM

One of the primary purposes of having a separate card for a mobile account is to enable users to switch phones at will. Prior to eSIM technology, users would need to contact customer service, identify themselves, and ask to switch the account to another phone. With eSIM, users can simply swap the card to another device, allowing for seamless and independent account management.

In conclusion, while eSIM is making inroads, the traditional SIM card remains a critical component of mobile communications due to its role in security, standardization, and global compatibility. As technology continues to evolve, the integration of eSIM and traditional SIMs will likely lead to a more flexible and reliable mobile communication ecosystem.