Why Do Keralites in India Prefer Malayalam and English Over Hindi?

The reluctance of many Keralites in India to speak Hindi can be attributed to several cultural, historical, and linguistic factors. This article delves into the reasons behind this linguistic and cultural preference, drawing from historical contexts and current social dynamics.

Linguistic Diversity

Kerala has its own official language, Malayalam, which is deeply rooted in the state's culture and identity. Many Keralites take pride in their language and prefer to communicate in it. This linguistic diversity is a significant factor in why Hindi, which is not the official language of Kerala, is less widely spoken.

Cultural Identity

The people of Kerala have a strong regional identity. There is a strong sense of resistance to the imposition of Hindi, which is viewed as a language of the North. The promotion of regional languages, particularly Malayalam, is often seen as a way to preserve cultural heritage. This cultural identity plays a crucial role in the preference for Malayalam over Hindi.

Educational and Media Factors

The education system in Kerala emphasizes Malayalam and the state has a rich tradition of literature and media in this language. Malayalam is taught in schools and is used extensively in education, literature, and media. While Hindi is taught in schools, it is not as widely used in daily life, further reinforcing the preference for Malayalam. Additionally, English is often seen as more practical and useful in urban areas and for professional settings.

Historical Tensions and Political Factors

There are historical tensions related to the imposition of Hindi as a national language. Movements advocating for the preservation of regional languages have influenced public sentiment against Hindi. Political factors, including the historical context of British and Mughal rule in India, have contributed to this resistance.

Practicality and Language Use

In practical terms, many Keralites view English as a more useful second language, especially in urban areas and for professional settings. English is already widely spoken and understood in Kerala, and this sense of linguistic duality has further diminished the perceived need to learn Hindi.

Incident Involving Political Leaders

An incident involving the chief ministers of Kerala and Madhya Pradesh illustrates this preference. When the prime minister of Madhya Pradesh, Mulayam Singh Yadav, sent a letter to the Kerala chief minister, the latter kept the letter aside for a week or so. Eventually, he wrote the reply in Malayalam, demonstrating the ongoing relevance and pride in the use of the local language.

Conclusion

The preference for Malayalam and English over Hindi reflects a combination of pride in local identity, historical context, and practical considerations. For Keralites, Malayalam and English offer a strong connection to regional and national identities, and in the context of global communication, English also serves as a bridge to the wider world.