The Complex Truth Behind Bihari Identity and Development

Bihar has a rich history, distinct cultural identity, and a diverse population. However, it also faces significant challenges that contribute to its perception as a backward state. This article explores the etymology, demographics, geography, and socio-economic factors that shape the identity and development of Bihar and its inhabitants known as Biharis.

Etymology of Bihari

The term Bihari originates from the ancient region of Bihar in India. There are various theories regarding the etymology of the word, with some sources suggesting it comes from the Buddhist term 'Vihar,' while others trace it back to the Persian word 'Behar' or 'Bahar.' Mediaeval sources often use 'Behar,' and there's a logical inconsistency in renaming an area after a vihar destroyed by invaders. The term has since evolved to encompass the people and culture of modern-day Bihar.

Demographics and Culture of Bihari

Biharis are the inhabitants of Bihar, a state in eastern India, and the term can also refer to the languages spoken there, including Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, and Angika. These linguistic communities form the cultural tapestry of the region, contributing to its festivals, music, cuisine, and traditions. For instance, festivals like Chhath Puja and Makar Sankranti hold significant importance in Bihar.

Geography and Historical Significance

Bihar is known for its historical significance, home to ancient sites such as Nalanda and Bodh Gaya. The region is part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains, a fertile and agriculturally rich area. However, the state's geography also faces challenges, such as land rates in cities like Patna increasing rapidly. This rise in land value is attributed to non-transparent practices and an underground economy driven by bootlegging activities.

Development Challenges and Socio-Economic Factors

Bihar is often perceived as a backward state due to various socio-economic challenges. A common narrative is that Biharis are primarily driven by government jobs and dream of becoming an IAS or IPS officer. Additionally, the state's chief minister, often seen as a proponent of socialist policies, faces criticism for not understanding the nuances of economics and market dynamics. The state loses over 20000 crore per year due to liquor prohibition, highlighting the economic inefficiencies.

Ironically, while the state is seen as developing wealth for a few, the masses remain poor. Opportunities for entrepreneurship and business are limited, and the state is often perceived as a labor factory, providing both low-skill and high-skill workforce to the rest of India. This classification is based on perception rather than actual economic indicators.

A Personal Experience: Jailing for a Stunt

A culmination of these challenges is illustrated in a personal experience shared by a Bihari. In 2020, the writer attempted to set up his company in Bihar, only to face the reality of the lack of government support and systemic corruption. A false FIR was filed by the Bihar Police, alleging that the writer had performed a stunt on Patna Marine Drive and damaged government property. Despite providing proof and CCTV footage, the false case was supported by investigating officers until they were bribed to close it. This incident reflects systemic issues within the police force and highlights the challenges Biharis face in the state.

The writer's response to these issues is to move out of the state and settle in a more prosperous area. This personal narrative underscores the broader struggle faced by Biharis in a state with seemingly insurmountable systemic barriers.

Corruption, lack of transparency, and systemic inefficiencies are key barriers to development in Bihar. Addressing these challenges will require a concerted effort from both the government and the populace to foster a environment conducive to growth and development.

Keyword: Bihari, Bihar, Bihari Identity