Mainline vs. Evangelical Protestantism: What's the Difference?

The differences between mainline and evangelical Protestantism lie not just in the amount of cash they can raise from their followers, but in their fundamental beliefs, practices, and the way they approach the Bible and the world.

Introduction to Lutheran Churches

Formerly part of large family ethnic groups such as Swedes, Norwegians, Danes, Finns, and Germans, Lutheran churches have seen significant mergers and splits over the years. For example, a massive merger in 1988 included several groups. However, certain conservative factions have not agreed with this merger and have broken into smaller factions, including the Missouri Synod, Wisconsin Synod Lutherans, and the Association of Confessional Lutheran Churches. The largest of these is the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA).

Mainline vs. Conservative Lutheran Practice

The ELCA is considered progressive, allowing for open communion and women in ministry, and engaging in higher criticism in the study of the Bible. On the other hand, conservative factions practice traditionally with men only in ministry and closed communion, often adhering to a literal interpretation of the Bible. This distinction clearly highlights the varying approaches to religious practices and beliefs in the Lutheran tradition.

Evangelical and Mainline Protestantism

Evangelical Protestantism places great emphasis on the Gospel, even though it is not directly associated with Evangelical Christian movements. These churches are typically more conservative in their theology and practice, adhering strictly to the Bible. Mainline Protestants, like the ELCA, use the Bible for support when it aligns with their views but may abandon traditional faith to fit in with the world. The shift in focus from faith to acceptance is more pronounced in the last decade, though the direction has been clear for a while.

Practical Differences in Church Attendance and Belief

Participating in a mainline church, especially one that does not embrace miraculous gifts, might be ideal for those who prefer a more traditional and ritualistic setting. These attendees might place more emphasis on the religious duty of attending church and a focus on salvation through participation in religious activities. On the other hand, evangelical churches are typically for those who find the Bible relevant and integral to their daily lives. These believers are deeply invested in studying and adhering to biblical teachings, and they want to see the direct application of faith in their actions and lives.

Why These Differences Matter

The choice of attending a mainline or evangelical church is a personal decision that depends on one's belief in the Bible and the desire for a living faith. It matters because it determines the type of community one feels a part of and the level of engagement with both the spiritual and practical aspects of faith. Just as a child's early environment significantly impacts their future, the type of church one attends can shape their spiritual journey and the way they live out their faith in the world. Whether you prefer a supportive and loving community or a stringent and spiritually demanding one, the choice is yours.