How Long Does It Take to Run a Federal Background Check on an Employee?

The time it takes to run a federal background check on an employee can vary significantly based on several factors including the type of check being performed, the agency conducting the check, and the specific requirements of the employer. Generally, it can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks.

Key Components of the Federal Background Check Process

Types of Background Checks

Criminal History Check: Involves searching federal, state, and local criminal records. Employment Verification: Confirms previous employment history, job titles, and dates of employment. Education Verification: Validates degrees and certifications obtained. Credit Report: Reviews the candidate's credit history typically for positions that require financial responsibility.

Information Collection

Candidates typically need to provide personal information such as Social Security number, addresses, and dates of employment. This information is usually required to initiate the background check process.

Submission to Agencies

Background checks may be conducted by private companies or government agencies. The most comprehensive checks often involve the FBI's Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division.

Processing Time

FBI Checks: Can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks, depending on the volume of requests and the completeness of the information provided. Private Companies: Often provide quicker results, sometimes within 24-72 hours, but the thoroughness can vary.

Review and Decision

Once the background check is complete, the employer reviews the findings. If any discrepancies arise, they may need to follow up with the candidate for clarification.

Compliance with Regulations

Employers must comply with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), which requires them to notify candidates if they are using background check information to make employment decisions.

Factors Influencing Duration

Volume of Requests: High volume periods, such as large hiring waves, can slow processing times. Complexity of the Check: More extensive checks take longer, especially if they involve multiple jurisdictions or extensive verification processes. Candidate's History: If a candidate has lived in multiple states or has a complex background, it may take longer to gather all necessary information.

Overall, while a basic federal background check might be completed relatively quickly, more comprehensive checks can take longer, especially if they involve multiple jurisdictions or extensive verification processes. Understanding the various components and factors that influence the duration of the background check process can help employers manage their HR and compliance responsibilities effectively.