Discovering the Oldest Documents of the Kerala Syrian Christians or Nasrani

The Kerala Syrian Christians, also known as Nasrani, have a rich and fascinating history that traces its roots back to the early centuries of Christianity. From oral traditions to documented records, this community's heritage is greatly enriched by several significant documents that have been passed down through the ages. This article will explore some of the oldest and most important documents associated with the Kerala Syrian Christians, providing a comprehensive look into their history and historical significance.

Mar Thoma Sleeha St. Thomas Tradition

One of the most prominent early traditions associated with the Kerala Syrian Christians is the Mar Thoma Sleeha St. Thomas Tradition. According to this practice, St. Thomas the Apostle arrived in India in 52 AD and set up Christian communities along the Malabar Coast. While there are no contemporaneous texts from the 1st century to substantiate this claim, oral traditions and later written accounts support this belief. The tradition holds that St. Thomas brought Christianity to the region through his missionary work and established significant Christian communities, which laid the foundation for the later growth of the Nasrani community.

Acts of Thomas

The Acts of Thomas is a 3rd-century text that provides one of the earliest written references to St. Thomas's missionary activities in the Indian subcontinent. This document describes the apostolic journey of St. Thomas, detailing his efforts to spread Christianity in the region. Although it is a work of fiction and contains much legendary content, it offers valuable insights into the popular perceptions of St. Thomas and his role in Indian Christianity.

Synod of Diamper 1599

The Synod of Diamper in 1599 marks a significant event in the history of the Syro-Malabar Church, an important denomination among the Kerala Syrian Christians. This synod played a crucial role in unifying various factions within the Syrian Christian community. Extensive documentation exists of the proceedings and decrees from this synod, offering valuable insights into the beliefs, practices, and structures of the community during this period. The synod was convened by the Portuguese Jesuits and later registered in the Roman Catholic canon law, making it a pivotal moment in the history of the Syro-Malabar Church.

Syro-Malabar Churchs Historical Records

The Syro-Malabar Church's historical records, dating back to the 16th century, provide a wealth of information about the development and growth of the Nasrani community. These records, particularly those that emerged after the arrival of the Portuguese, offer detailed accounts of the community's religious, social, and cultural practices. They serve as a vital source for understanding the evolution of the Nasrani community and its integration into local and international Christian traditions. The records include various documents, letters, and manuscripts that offer a glimpse into the daily lives and struggles of the early Syrian Christians, as well as their interactions with other religious and social groups in the region.

The Gospel of the Nazarenes

The Gospel of the Nazarenes, although not exclusively a Nasrani document, is closely associated with early Christian communities in the region. This text reflects the theological context and beliefs of the time, providing insights into the doctrinal understandings and cultural practices of the early Christians in Kerala. It highlights the importance of the Nazarene community in the development of Christianity in the Indian subcontinent and its unique position in the broader Christian world.

Letters of the Patriarch of Antioch

The Letters of the Patriarch of Antioch offer valuable documentation of the Christian community in Kerala, particularly during the 17th century. These correspondences include letters sent by the Patriarch to the Christian communities in the region, addressing various issues and challenges faced by the community. The letters discuss theological, ecclesiastical, and social matters, serving as a crucial source of information for understanding the relationship between the Syrian Christian communities in India and the wider Christian world.

Conclusion

While the early history of the Kerala Syrian Christians is often intertwined with oral traditions and later historical interpretations, the presence of these significant documents greatly enhances our understanding of their heritage and evolution. From the Mar Thoma Sleeha St. Thomas Tradition and The Acts of Thomas to the Synod of Diamper and the Syro-Malabar Church's historical records, these documents collectively contribute to the richness of the Nasrani community's history. They serve as reminders of the deep roots and significant contributions of the Syrian Christians to the Christian faith and culture in the Indian subcontinent.