Differences Between an RN and an LVN/LPN: Demand and Scope of Practice

Introduction to Nursing Roles

In the field of healthcare, there are various roles that nurses play. Two of the most common are Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) or Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVN) and Registered Nurses (RN). Both roles are crucial to the healthcare system, but they differ in terms of scope of practice, educational requirements, and demand. Understanding these differences is essential for students, healthcare professionals, and healthcare managers alike.

Schooling and Qualifications

An LPN/LVN program is typically a one-year program, providing a certificate and preparing graduates to take the state board examination. After passing the examination, they receive an LPN/LVN license, making them qualified to practice in various healthcare settings. An RN (Registered Nurse) program can be an Associate of Science (AS) or a Bachelor of Science (BS) in nursing, lasting approximately 2 to 4 years. Successful completion of the program entitles the graduate to take the NCLEX (National Council Licensure Examination), after which they receive an RN license and can practice in a broader range of roles.

Scope of Practice

The scope of practice for an LPN/LVN is more limited compared to an RN. While both LPNs/LVNs and RNs provide direct patient care, only RNs are authorized to develop care plans and evaluate patient progress. Furthermore, RNs can hold leadership positions such as charge nurses in hospitals or clinics, a role that is beyond the purview of LPNs/LVNs.

Demand and Employment Settings

Generally, RNs are in higher demand due to their extensive scope of practice and the ability to specialize in various fields such as OB/GYN, critical care, pediatrics, and operating room (OR) nursing. This is reflected in their pay, with RNs with a few years of experience making an average of $39 to $42 per hour, while LPNs with similar experience earn an average of $22 to $25 per hour. Specialized RNs can earn even more, depending on the field and level of expertise.

The availability and utilization of LPNs/LVNs can vary significantly depending on the location. In urban areas, there may be fewer LPNs due to a higher demand for specialized RNs. Conversely, in rural areas, LPNs are more commonly used due to the lower cost and the need to fill critical roles. The scope of practice for LPNs/LVNs is also varied by state, and they may not be authorized to administer the same medications as RNs. Additionally, in some settings, if an LPN is caring for a patient, an RN must take over after their shift in a hospital or clinic in a rural area.

In urban areas, LPNs/LVNs are more likely to be employed in nursing homes or other long-term care facilities. The role of an RN in such settings is primarily focused on providing comprehensive care and supervision, often including coordination with other healthcare professionals and development of care plans.

Note: The demand for LPNs and RNs can fluctuate based on healthcare needs and economic factors, and the role of each may change over time.

Conclusion

Both LPN/LVN and RN roles are important in the healthcare sector, with RNs generally having a broader scope of practice and higher demand. However, the specific roles and utilities of each can vary based on the location and healthcare needs of the population. Understanding these differences helps in making informed decisions about career paths within the healthcare field.