Understanding Labor Union Rules and Freelance Work

Generally speaking, it is not against labor union rules for union members to find freelance work. However, the specifics can vary greatly depending on the type of union and the industry involved.

The Nature of Labor Unions

There are two primary types of labor unions: Craft Unions and Industrial Unions. Understanding these differences helps to clarify the rules and regulations surrounding union membership and freelance work.

Craft Unions

Craft unions focus on the skill level of their members. Think of them as professional certification organizations. Examples include building trades such as carpenters, pipefitters, and elevator constructors. These unions have strict membership criteria based on skill proficiency.

Membership in a craft union often comes with significant benefits, including health insurance and pension plans provided through a regional health and welfare fund. This means that even if a union member works for multiple contractors in a year, they will receive the same benefits regardless of their specific employer. Contractors contribute to this fund, which is managed by union leaders and employers.

Industrial Unions

Industrial unions represent workers across the entire facility, regardless of their job classification. This is similar to a healthcare union representing everyone from registered nurses to dietary workers. The power of industrial unions lies in their density within an industry. For example, when every auto factory in Flint is unionized, all workers, regardless of their specific job or skill, have a better chance of decent wages and benefits.

Unlike craft unions, industrial unions do not certify individual members or maintain hiring halls. Their primary goal is to negotiate collective bargaining agreements on behalf of all workers in a particular industry.

Freelance Work and Labor Unions

Yes, it is perfectly permissible for union members to engage in freelance work. Many unionized professionals, such as plumbers and electricians, often work independently on a contract basis. Professional actors, newspaper reporters, and others in similar roles also actively seek freelance work from various employers.

However, there are a few exceptions:

Cross-employer seniority systems: Some professions, like merchant marine captains and mates, operate under a cross-employer seniority system. While there is no definitive rule, it is likely that union agreements would discourage or prohibit members from engaging in freelance work with non-union employers. Collective bargaining agreements: Union agreements with specific employers might include restrictions on freelance work. It is advisable for union members to review their collective bargaining agreements to understand any potential restrictions. Industry standards and practices: In some industries, there may be informal guidelines or practices that discourage members from freelancing, even if union rules do not explicitly prohibit it.

Conclusion

The ability of union members to engage in freelance work largely depends on the specific union, the industry, and the nature of their membership agreement. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for union members who wish to pursue freelance opportunities while maintaining their union status.

For those unsure about their specific rights, consulting with union leadership or reviewing collective bargaining agreements is advisable. Overall, the rights and restrictions of freelancing for union members can vary widely, and staying informed is key.