Curricular Practical Training (CPT) for F-1 Visa Students During Fall and Spring Semesters

International students on an F-1 visa can participate in Curricular Practical Training (CPT) during the fall and spring semesters, provided the internship aligns with their academic program and adheres to specific guidelines. This article outlines the key points to consider, including eligibility, approval, part-time vs. full-time options, timing, and specific procedures to follow.

Eligibility for CPT During Fall and Spring Semesters

Before an F-1 visa student can engage in CPT, they must meet certain eligibility requirements. Generally, students must have been enrolled in their academic program for at least one full academic year. However, this rule can be waived for graduate programs. This means that if a student started their program in the spring semester and took full-time classes in the summer, they would be eligible to apply for CPT in the fall.

Approval Process for CPT

The designated school official (DSO) at the student’s institution must authorize CPT. Once approved, the student will receive a new Form I-20 that explicitly states the CPT authorization. It is important to note that while students can do CPT, they must ensure that the internship does not interfere with their full-time course load during the fall and spring semesters.

Part-time vs. Full-time CPT

CPT can be part-time, not exceeding 20 hours per week, or full-time, which means more than 20 hours per week. Full-time CPT for 12 months or more may lead to the loss of eligibility for Optional Practical Training (OPT). Students pursuing part-time CPT must maintain their academic status by enrolling in sufficient course work.

Job Offer and Timing

Generally, students must have a job offer in place before applying for CPT. This promotes clarity and reduces the risk of working in an unauthorized capacity. Additionally, CPT must align with the curriculum requirements of the student’s program. For instance, if the internship is a part of the required coursework or curriculum, it may qualify as CPT. However, if the internship is not required, the student must wait for a full academic year from their matriculation date.

Summer vs. Academic Year CPT Eligibility

Students may also engage in CPT during the summer months when it is not a required academic term. In the summer, full-time CPT is allowed, whereas during the fall and spring semesters, it is limited to part-time (less than 20 hours per week). The flexibility in summer CPT can be advantageous for international students seeking to gain more professional experience during nonacademic periods.

Program-Specific Requirements for CPT

Whether a student can engage in CPT can depend on their specific academic program. For undergraduate students, participation in CPT is typically limited to the second year of their program. For example, if a student starts in the spring and takes summer classes, they can apply for CPT in the following fall semester. This ensures that the internship contributes to the completion of their academic requirements.

Extended CPT Authorization

For students who need longer internship durations, the CPT authorization must be renewed each semester. This means that if a longer internship is required, the student must reapply for CPT each semester. This ensures that the student remains in compliance with the latest guidelines and requirements of their academic institution and the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

Key Points to Remember

CPT must be authorized by the DSO. Students must meet program-specific eligibility requirements and have a job offer in place. Eligibility varies based on the F-1 visa status and the academic term. CPT can be part-time or full-time, with semester-specific limitations. Students must maintain academic status and follow the prescribed procedures for CPT.

For detailed and up-to-date information, students should consult their school's international student office. The rules of CPT can be intricate, with variations based on individual programs and academic terms. It is crucial to seek guidance to ensure compliance and a successful internship experience.